September 11 and the Ethics of Jihad Essay -- September 11 Terrorism E

September 11 and the Ethics of Jihad      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Western world has long been aware of the anti-Jewish, anti-Christian, and anti-American rhetoric taught by extremist Muslim groups. The concept of jihad existed as a vague notion: one of those Islamic things; something to do with the disputes in the Middle East. On September 11, 2001, the topic suddenly gained paramount importance in the mind of the common man.    "I will shed my blood for you, Oh Palestine, take back the land that is ours." "I am not afraid of suicide, God will receive me for I will be a martyr." "Jihad is my destiny, my life." Chants taught in Palestinian elementary schools.1      Jihad came under additional scrutiny as word spread of the fax that Osama bin Laden allegedly sent to the al-Jazeera television station in Qatar later in September.2    Bin Laden's fax was a call to Pakistani Muslims to participate in jihad against the United States. "We incite our Muslim brothers in Pakistan to deter with all their capabilities the American crusaders from invading Pakistan and Afganistan... I assure you, dear brothers, that we are firm on the road of jihad... to destroy the new Jewish Crusade."3 The fax forced Muslims and non-Muslims worldwide to consider, even if only for an instant, the validity of the claim. Was this a legitimate application of jihad? Were all Muslims compelled to fight alongside the Taliban? Even as the war in Afghanistan draws to an apparent close, the question is still worthy of consideration, for if bin Laden is correct, then non-Muslim nations are literally powerless to defend themselves against Muslim nations without creating a monstrous backlash from all Muslims of the world who heed the holy call. ... ... (Baltimore, 1955). Ostling, Richard N. "Islam's Idea of Holy War." Time, 11 February 1991, 51. Peters, Rudolph. Islam and Colonialism: The Doctrine of Jihad in Modern History (The Hague, Netherlands: 1979). The Qur'an: The Eternal Revelation vouchsafed to Muhammad, The Seal of the Prophets. Trans. Muhammad Zafrulla Khan. (New York, 1997). Ryan, Patrick J. "The Roots of Muslim Anger: The Religious and Political Background of Worldwide Islamic Militancy Today." America, 26 November 2001, 8. Sivan, Emmanuel. "The Holy War Tradition in Islam." Orbis 42, no. 2 (1998): 171. Streusand, Douglas E. "What Does Jihad Mean?" September 1997. (5 December, 2001). "Text of Alleged Bin Laden Fax." CBS News, 24 September 2001. (31 October 2001). Watt, W. Montgomery. Companion to the Qur'an: Based on the Arberry Translation (London, 1967).   

Extended Family Cover Essay

Survey respondents believe that women are not as â€Å"internationally mobile† as men, yet 80 percent of female expatriates have never turned down a relocation, compared to 71 percent of men. A second powerful assumption is that women encounter more work-life conflict while managing a global schedule. However, nearly half of both women and men report that they find work-life balance difficult. Finally, survey respondents believe clients outside the United States are not as comfortable doing business with women as they are with men. In fact, 76 percent of women expatriates said being a woman had a positive or neutral impact on their effectiveness overseas. Both women and men, managers and human resources executives, hold the preconceptions that emerged in this study about women’s ability in the international arena. Yet paradoxically, 90 percent of female expatriates, 91 percent of women with global responsibility who haven’t relocated, and 93 percent of men married to expatriates said they would accept their current assignments again. In fact, current expatriates (85 percent) and former expatriates (86 percent) believe global experience makes them more marketable to other companies. Compared in the past, companies at present become more open in having women as part of the workforce and consider them in equal footing as their male employees. Working Woman magazine cited Philip Morris as a company where 31 percent of all managers are women. With respect to international assignments, Philip Morris makes sure that women are tapped for those assignments. Another company, Hewlett-Packard, has a woman leading the company. The chair, president, and CEO of Hewlett-Packard is Carly Fiorina. She makes Hewlett-Packard one of only two companies in the Fortune 500 with a woman as chair, president, and CEO. Hewlett-Packard, which has a strong international presence, has a long history of supporting and promoting women (Palagano & Lee, October 2005). The next items are the list of favorable companies that provide as much benefits to working mothers in their organization: Microsoft, Bacardi and Computer Associates all offer family healthcare benefits packages for partners and their children. It helps to maintain high worker performance and establishing a caring reputation are the important motivating factors, as employers believe satisfied employees will spread the word about a company’s practices (â€Å"Extended Family Cover,† 2004). While BMW Plant Oxford, manufacturer of the Mini Cooper, presents different options of flexible, voluntary family benefits, that include insurance products, dental coverage and healthcare cash plans; workers have an option to devise their own benefits packages tailored to individual family needs. BMW also offers family social events, it is one of their strategies to improve worker morale and performance, intensifying job engagement and encouraging better relationships among employees (â€Å"Extended Family Cover,† 2004). IBM provides its employees with schedule flexibility, extended personal leaves and dependent care referral services. Also, IBM has recognized the need to conduct training programs that sensitize its managers to the problems that employees may encounter as they try to balance family and job demands. (â€Å"Extended Family Cover,† 2004). A pioneer in lactation support benefits, Procter and Gamble (P&G) has such programs at all its major worksites and in most of its production plants. This kind of strategy has helped maintain high morale and retention rates. It is also enhanced productivity and reduced absenteeism among female workers. Mothers schedule their own breaks in lactation rooms that have hospital-grade pumps, refrigerators for storing milk, curtained-off nursing stations for privacy and a supply of educational materials along with a registered nurse for onsite support (Callahan, 2005). Aetna Inc. ‘s Mothers at Work program, which received a 100% satisfaction rating from participating nursing mothers, has lactation rooms in its 50 locations and an in-house Web site with information for breastfeeding mothers returning to work. Nursing mothers receive an individual pump and professional lactation consultation. In 2004, 62% of Aetna employees nursed for six months, as compared with the 27% national average of nursing mothers (Callahan, 2005).

Lupu Bridge

There are five phases in constructing the Lupu Bridge. First is the foundations. When we talk about foundation it is the lower part that carry all the loads of the structures.The condition of the ground on either side of the Huangpu River are not appropriate for the large thrusts made by an arch bridge. Even though its arch is tied, and the use of reducing the forces transferred to the foundations, its total vertical force is still too much. And also the result of the arch being tied is that the parts of the foundations should be able to remain strong against the force. Since Lupu is located in Shanghai, and the fact that it is located near a river, it has soft soil. Therefore the most suitable option is piled foundations for that reason. Its foundations is composed of 118, 900mm diameter steel tubes ,and each pile is about 65m in length.The larger surface area of the piles and long length mean that they could be friction rather than bearing piles. This is assuming that the soil consists of clay nearer the surface moving into stiffer clay then sand lower down. The pier cap of the main span foundation is 3.5m thick and the one that connect the caps at about 51m centres are the crossbeams.. This connection between the two pier caps will help to somewhat relieve the stresses in the soil in the horizontal direction and reduce the amount of deflection incurred. By the use of 700mm diameter soil-cement stirring piles, the strength of the foundation was strengthened to help resist the horizontal force and limit the displacement due to this force. Each of these stirring piles is connected to each other to improve the integrity of the system. During construction, the foundations have a large number and stirring piles addtion due to working loads of the bridge and also due to the loads imparted on the foundations. Above each abutment the large temporary tower was built during construction. Because of that there will probably be the largest vertical force they will feel and these will impart very large vertical forces into the foundations. With the use of horizontal force impart by the inclined arches, the abutment and foundations must be strengthened in the horizontal. At an inclination similar to arches the abutment would have a high level of prestress in the concrete section and there would also be a piles coming from the abutment.

Banning McDonald’s Food

Prince Charles indicated that by banning food from McDonald’s the nation would be healthier and have better eating habits. This is an unrealistic solution because not only does it not solve the problem of people eating unhealthy food, it interferes with the idea of free enterprise and individual rights. It is true that the percentage of obese people is increasing and there is a significant need to encourage exercise and healthy eating habits, but it should be a choice rather than mandatory. By simply banning food from McDonalds does not mean that people will not cook hamburgers and French fries at home. Keeping people from being able to get fast food will not force them to eat better food. By banning food from one restaurant it takes away the owner and founder’s rights to earn a living. Although McDonald’s does have some unhealthy choices that can lead to obesity, it has added a number of choices such as fruits and salads to provide healthier choices for people who are conscious of their diets. It is important for the government and medical professionals to show concern about the increasing obese population due to the health problems that obesity can cause, but each person should have the right to make their own choice. It takes away people’s rights if they are forced to eat healthy. People should be encouraged to develop more healthy habits, but banning McDonalds is not the way to do it. McDonalds should have the right to sell food and people should have the right to eat it. Word count 262 Women and Stress According to statistics, women are more likely to suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder especially those in the military. There are several possible reasons for this including women have historically taken a more emotional or sentimental view of the world than men, women in the military sometimes suffer harassment from the men they serve with, and women who have left children behind are more likely to have feelings of quilt at the beginning of their tours of duty. Many studies in the past have shown that women react to situations with more emotion than men. This would probably be true in situations where they see people dying daily and even have to kill some of them personally. Even though times have changed and there are laws against workplace harassment, women in the military are still sometimes not treated as equals by the men they work with. This could lead to feelings of failure and depression that women could bring home with them. Women in the military sometimes have to leave their children behind, which causes them to worry not only about their children, but also about not being able to see them again. Men and women are both capable of suffering from stress, but because women take things to heart and personalize them more, they have a harder time forgetting them when they come back home. Word count 226 Save Iraq or Save Ourselves? It is important to help the country’s neighbors, but there comes a time when that help becomes more of a problem than a help. The United States has enough problems of its own with school shootings, mall shootings and all kinds of other violence maybe it is time to focus on controlling the violence at home, before it is necessary to have someone come from other countries to provide help here. By having more military presence in the country people would not be as likely to act violently, people would be more willing to support the military, and people would feel safer. Having the threat of the military being present to enforce laws and rules, would help keep people from resorting to crime. It compares to how children act up more when the parents are not around to punish them. People are getting tired of supporting the military, because they no longer feel the military is working to defend the United States. Because of this, people are not as supportive as they once were. With the constant threat of terrorism present, people no longer feel safe with most of the military forces half a world away. The country here needs the military to protect it in order to make its citizens feel safe. It pays to help other, but the welcome has been overstayed and it is time to bring the people home to take care of the country’s own people. Word count 241 The Overweight Boy It is not a good thing that parents would allow a child to get to the point of being four times over his ideal weight, but taking the child away from his parents would not necessarily be the best thing for the child. The parents need education on healthy eating habits for a child, parent’s need to be monitored to make sure that they get the boy into an exercise program and the child needs to be put on a diet. It is not entirely the parents who caused the child to be overweight, but it is up to them to help him lose it. There are many programs that teach parenting education. Many of these programs teach nutrition classes. The parents and child could take classes together on healthy cooking, eating and snacks. The parents need to put the child in an exercise program and monitor it. They should work out with the child if he is not self motivated to participate. There are a number of active games that can be used as an exercise program and provide entertainment as well. The child needs to have a diet plan developed for him and he needs to be monitored to make sure he stays on it. His parents could encourage him by eating the same foods he does. Although it is a problem when parents let children get morbidly obese, there are much worse things parents could allow children to do. These parents need to help their child become healthier and lose weight. Word count 254 Lincoln Quote Abraham Lincoln’s quote indicated that rather than spending his time worrying about the past, he was more worried about his own future. This means that people should look forward instead of backwards. This concept encourages people to not worry about what their parents accomplished or did not, it tells them to worry about doing their best in the present and to set goals for their futures. People spend a lot of time worrying about where they came from or what kind of home they grew up in. They live in the shadow of their parents or are expected to do well because of them. Instead people need to worry about doing their best in the areas they are interested in and to not worry about what anyone else has done. In order to be an individual, the person needs to pursue his own interests instead of what is expected of him. In order to be successful, the person needs to plan out what they like and what they want to do. Each person needs to find out what they like to do and what they are good at then develop a plan to pursue those goals. Every person is an individual and needs to focus on that fact. No one should try to be someone else or worry about living up to someone else’s reputation. Word count 225 Kennedy Quote The point of the saying about not negotiating out of fear is based on the same reason that the United States says it does not negotiate with terrorists. Negotiating out of fear gives the other person the control, negotiating to create fear in the other party makes them feel inferior, but negotiating for equal benefits is profitable and helpful. If a person has kidnapped a child and the parent gives the kidnappers anything they want, the kidnappers will either keep asking for more or will kill the child, because they no longer need him. By giving into the unfair negotiations out of fear, the other party has all of the control and the situation will not end well. If the situation is reversed and the other party has no power in the negotiation, an unfair advantage is gained and the solution will not end well. It makes the other person feel inferior and they agree out of fear. When, however the negotiation is over something that will benefit both parties the situation ends well. If a person is selling a house it is okay for the buyer to make an offer in attempt to get a more acceptable price. In the end the seller gets the house sold and the buyer gets the house at a better price. Negotiation is good when the end result is beneficial to both sides, if one side has an unfair advantage though it is not good for someone and will lead to a worse situation in the end. Word Count 254 Parent Provided Transportation Dear School Board: It is a great idea for parents to provide transportation for their children because the children are ultimately their responsibility anyway. It solves a number of problems for the school district, which is needed at the current time. By having parents provide the transportation for the children, the school district saves money, there is no discipline problem on the bus, and the district is not responsible for the safety of the children on the road. The school district would save money through this proposal by spending less money for gas and maintenance on the busses. No longer paying the salaries for bus drivers except for the occasional school field trip, would also save the district money. When the children are with their parents, there is no problem with children who misbehave on the bus. There would no longer be a problem with bus drivers who had to deal with children fighting or running around on the bus instead of sitting down during the ride home. With parents being responsible for transporting the children, the school district would not have to take responsibility of children’s safety on the roads. During bad weather or in case of accidents the responsibility would be with the parents and not the school. It would be cost effective and practical for the school district to have parents transport children. The buses are very costly and impractical. Word count 230 The Perfect Gift The perfect gift I could receive is success. This does not mean that I want to be a millionaire or famous. It means knowing that I have done the best I can to reach my goals and have accomplished what I set out to do. In order to do this, I need to choose a goal, work towards the goal, and accomplish the goal. The first step in being successful is to decide what I want to accomplish. Without a goal to work towards, a person can not be successful. I need to know what I like and want. Once I have decided on a goal, I need to begin working towards reaching that goal. I need to have the drive and ambition to work towards whatever goal I have set for myself. When I have decided on a goal and developed a plan for achieving the goal, I need to focus on achieving the goal. By following the plan, I can achieve my goals and be successful. Being successful is the best possible gift anyone can receive, but it is not a gift someone can give to someone else. It is something that everyone must accomplish individually. I would like for someone to hand success to me, but I know I would appreciate it more by reaching goals on my own. Word Count 222 Memorable Event It was the concert of a lifetime. I had waited to see this group for years, but they had not come to our town, until this summer. I bought the tickets the first day they went on sale. My best friend and I planned for months what we would do before the concert to get ready for it, we had a great time at the concert, and I will remember it forever. After we bought the tickets, we planned an entire day around the concert. We had events leading up to the concert to help us get ready for the concert. It was important to listen to the right kind of music all day in order to be in the right mood for the concert. During the concert we were in a huge crowd right in front of the stage and we somehow managed to meet the members of the band after the concert. I had the greatest time of my life at the concert. I saved my ticket stub to remember how much fun I had meeting my favorite band. I knew that the next time I heard them on the radio I would be able to remember the concert. It is nice to be able to have positive experiences to be able to remember in the future. When I am an adult and have to spend my days at a job, I can remember the fun times I had when I was young. Word Count 245 Bragging I have never been good at saying good things about myself. I can find positive things to say about other people, but it is easier to be hard on myself. I know there are positive things about everyone and I have my good traits too. I just never think about them. When I have to think about them, I would say that my best qualities are my ability to relate to people, my intelligence and my personality. I am a people person and like to make friends. I am good at getting people to talk to me about things and getting them to like me. I am easy to get along with and enjoy being around different people. I am a smart person who likes to do well. I do not always live up to my potential, but I know I am very intelligent. I need to show this more. I think I have a great personality. I love to have fun and want the people around me to have fun too. I like spending time with my friends and bring out the best in them. I am a person who laughs a lot. Although it is not easy to brag on myself, I think I am a great person and like to be around other people. I thing other people like being around me as well. I want other people to know that I am a fun person to be around. Word Count 242

Quality Improvement Part 1 Essay

Examine three external indicators and how customers use the indicators as part of the Quality Improvement process; finally explain how stakeholder’s feedback is used in the quality Improvement process. Performance Measurement vs. Quality Improvement process â€Å"The primary concern of managers responsible for the operations of hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare delivery organizations is the quality of the non-clinical aspects of care over which they have most control, most visibility†. (Ransom Joshi Nash, 2008. P. 31). Performance measures are an important element of quality management process. Performance measures has the responsibility to directing their effort when change need to be institute. In the healthcare organization performance measures are a tool used to help managers understand and improve quality of care for patients and to develop a better functional programs for the staff. In contrast, Quality Improvement focuses on bridging the gap between current levels of quality. It is a way to be proactive in preventing errors or perhaps respond to near misses and develop a plan where safety is major components to process improvements. In case of medical errors, quality improvement help identify and see what changes can be made to improve or have preventive measures. Quality Improvement and quality Measures assist owners and managers with improving performances and raising performance standards. Norman Clinic Quality Improvement goals Norman Clinic of Physical Therapy is one of the largest hospitals in the state of Ohio. This clinic is about fifty (50) miles from downtown is dedicated to five key of quality measures. Emergency Services, Physical Therapy, Heart Failure, Surgical, pneumonia. This hospital offers a standard service and has earned its reputation in the management of individuals with disturbed functions or impairment related to neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary, and integumentary systems. Norman Clinic has specific service in quality improvement process such as reducing the occurrence of ventilation of patients in the ICU and NICU. Role of the Consumer Healthcare consumers play an important role in the quality improvement of Norman Clinic and can impact hospital’s reputation, and feedback received from consumers. During admission, each patient receives a booklet who allows him to understand the mission, the goal, and different realization of the clinic in intensive care. This booklet outlining way patients may become active member of the clinic, include the methods used by healthcare providers to meet patient expectation, reduce risk of infection, improve quality of care, decrease medication errors, increase customers satisfaction as it relates to pain management and post discharge care. External Quality Indicators

Breast Cancer And Ovarian Cancer

Breast cancer begins as a group of cancer cells that invade tissues in the breast . When new cells form when they are not needed from the body or don 't die when they are supposed to, a build up of cells creates a mass of tissue called a tumor or lump. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that forms in the tissues of the breast. Mostly in women but can also occur in men. Statistics show that 1 in 8 women in America will have invasive breast cancer in her lifetime and it is estimated that†¦ Breast Cancer My paternal grandmother has batteld cancer three times. She was diagnosed with breast cancer first and then six years later with ovarian cancer. Both times, she had to have radiation to cure her from the cancer. After four years of being in remission, the cancer came back. This time it was on a viscous rampage. My grandmother had to receive a month of intense chemotherapy and two critical surgeries to remove the tumors that were invading her body. Seeing her go through all of this†¦ Cancer is a disease that is caused by abnormal cells in a part of someone’s body. Anyone can be diagnosed with cancer, it is not something that only affects certain people. Sometimes the cancer can be hereditary meaning that a family member has had the same type of cancer in the past. However, one of the most common cancers for women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a cancer that is well known since there is a month that is dedicated to bring awareness to breast cancer but not many people realize†¦ Breast cancer is one of the leading cancers that affect a myriad of people in today’s society. â€Å"About 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) will develop breast cancer over the course of her lifetime.† (Breast Cancer, 2016). Some people diagnosed with this type of cancer could have the opportunity to detect it early on due to screenings or self-evaluations. However despite early detection, it does not guarantee that the cancer can be treated in its entirety. Different stage levels decide the degree in which†¦ After skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women in the United States. Breast cancer is cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts. It can occur in both men and women, but it is extremely more common in women. â€Å"Each year there are about 2,300 new cases of breast cancer in men and about 230,000 new cases in women† (National Cancer Institution, 2016). Breast cancer survival rates have increased, which is largely due to earlier detection, a new personalized treatment†¦ Cancer refers to several diseases that the involve uncontrolled growth of mutated cells in the body. Normally, cells grow and divide based on signals and the body’s needs, and new cells replace old or damaged cells. However, cancer is able to develop when cell signaling is interrupted. The old cells stop dying and instead form new abnormal cells, possibly resulting in a tumor. Cancerous cells are malignant, which means they can invade nearby tissue, and can potentially metastasize and spread to various†¦ Introduction Breast cancer is the abnormal growing of cells within the breast tissues. It has been identified to be number two killer of all cancer demises among women. The first common sign that can lead to cancer diagnosis is the presence of a breast lump. Breast cancer is more common in women than men are, but they also need to realize that they can also be diagnosed with breast cancer. Fibro adenoma has been identified as the most prevalent form of benign breast tumor, while Invasive Ductal†¦ Krystal Headen Professor Kaitlin Sidorsky Poli 201 1 December 2015 BLOC Cancer The breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and colon cancer (BLOC) interest group was formed in September 2012 as an effective organization. It began when the founder, Krystal Headen was unfortunately informed that some of her friends and family members had been diagnosed with (remove either) breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, colon cancer, or the Kahler’s disease. Krystal spent several months building a group†¦ mother had found in her breast. â€Å"I told her, ‘Maybe it is that Froot Loop I gave you earlier,’† Sands remembered. â€Å"She laughed and said, ‘I hope so!’† That day was the beginning of Sands’ journey with cancer. Five years later, her mother died of breast cancer at the age of 43, when Sands was 9 years old. A few years after that, Sands’ aunt was diagnosed with breast cancer. She went into remission but later died of ovarian cancer. Then a cousin was diagnosed with breast cancer at 34. Two years ago,†¦ of different cancers that people tend to hear of. Cancer is abnormal cells that grow out of control and invade a healthy person’s body. When these cells do not grow normally things can go wrong. When cancer occurs it is because the cells divide more than they should and begin to form masses also known as tumors. According to the National Breast Cancer Foundation, the most common type of cancer is breast cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer death in woman. Breast cancer is when the malignant†¦

American Public Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

American Public Law - Essay Example The settlement agreement and order cannot prohibit Americans from using travel dates that correspond to travel dates placed by another airline on a published government of military contract. This clause helps airlines from escaping from abiding to contract obligations between two parties and the damage occurred during travel without direct or intentional involvement of the airlines staff or management. As the airlines are not compelling the passenger to travel in their carriers on the date fixed on the ticket, the probability of paying of compensation for injuries caused by tort acts that have no enough witness to prove the involvement of airlines is less. However, one can retain the record of the dates of such travel and the specific fares. 1 In general tort litigation has been blamed for liability insurance to excessive levels. This may reduce real wages and overall employment and thus refrains the administrations from incorporating the compulsion of paying for tort injuries by the carriers or managements of the organisations like airlines and other transport organisations. The contexts of tort contexts are even reducing the willingness of corporations and individuals to pay for even reasonable risks. There is a scant evidence for these claims that are paid for. One more reason for absence of compensation for torts of certain instances is due to the serious harm done for the economy during early 1990s. Though the tort is a wrongful act, damage or injury done wilfully, there is a need to prove the intention of the doer in the absence of substantial evidence like in the cases mentioned for this paper. As the injury is not due to breach of contract, or it is not violation of the circumstances that involve strict liability, though a violation exists, the payment of compensation will be much lesser than that expected by plaintiff or in some cases no need of compensation except for medical and legal costs. One suggestion that can arise from the situation mentioned for this paper is that the administration or airlines may suggest an insurance cover for short term travel or an insurance cover for the passengers travelling with an extra charge of fare. Though the Brainair charges extra than other airlines, the non utilisation of services mentioned for that extra charge do not give any chance for the plaintiff to get compensation for the injury he has been inflicted due to negligence or incorrect operation of the apparatus. In general, there are instances of transferring payments from wrongdoers to victims and to have compensation from this aspect, the plaintiff should find the wrongdoer and prove his claim on it. As it has been mentioned that the fall of suitcase on plaintiff's head is not finding enough e vidence regarding the negligence of staff or malfunctioning of bin, there is little chance to get compensation, until the plaintiff is able to decide the cause for the fall. If it is due to negligence of the staff, the plaintiff can get transfer of payment from the staff of carrier and if it is due to the malfunctioning of the bin, the brainair can be held responsible for paying compensation. Another aspect that is against the paying for compensation is inflated costs in Tort Costs 2004 report in US. As the approach followed by different organisations and candidates is different,